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Creating and managing commits

Creating and managing commits is an essential part of working with Git. Commits are snapshots of your code at a specific point in time, and they allow you to track changes to your code over time. Here are the basic steps to create and manage commits in Git:

Stage your changes​

Before you can create a commit, you need to stage the changes you want to include in the commit. Use the git add command to stage files or changes. For example, to stage all changes in the current directory and its subdirectories, run the following command:

git add .

Create a commit​

Once you have staged your changes, you can create a commit using the git commit command. Use the -m flag to add a commit message that describes the changes you made. For example, to create a commit with the message "Added new feature", run the following command:

git commit -m "Added new feature"

View commit history​

You can use the git log command to view the commit history of a repository. This command displays a list of all commits, with the most recent commit appearing at the top of the list. For example, to view the commit history, run the following command:

git log

Edit or delete commits​

Use the git commit --amend command to edit the last commit message or make changes to the last commit. For example, to change the message of the last commit, run the following command:

git commit --amend -m "New message"

Revert a commit​

If you need to revert a commit, use the git revert command. This command creates a new commit that undoes the changes made by a previous commit. For example, to revert the most recent commit, run the following command:

git revert HEAD

Cherry-pick a commit​

If you want to apply a specific commit to another branch, use the git cherry-pick command. This command allows you to copy a commit from one branch to another. For example, to apply a commit with the ID abc123 to the current branch, run the following command:

git cherry-pick abc123

By following these steps, you can create and manage commits in Git. Commits are a powerful tool for tracking changes to your code over time, and they allow you to collaborate with other developers more effectively.